following Len [28], Len and Alain [2931] and Alain [32, 33]. Otherwise, they live in hospices either in Camagey or in smaller cities and villages. The most frequently used species are Chenopodium ambrosioides, Cissus verticillata, Cocos nucifera, Crescentia cujete, Cymbopogon citratus, Lippia alba, Momordica charantia, Pimenta dioica, Portulaca oleracea, Psidium guajava, and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis. They sell a large variety of medicinal plants (67 dry species and three fresh species) from the Haitian pharmacopoeia. Some 22 herbal mixtures are reported, including formulas for a preparation obtained using the fruit of Crescentia cujete. More emphasis is given, though to its calming and sedative effects than its purifying. 1979, La Habana, Cuba: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, Guanche J, Garcia AJ: Ethnic history. The decoction of fresh herbal components is by far the preferred means to prepare medicinal remedies, accounting for almost 60% of all preparations, which is similar to what has been found in traditional Cuban medicine [15, 17, 19]. The use of medicinal herbs is highly developed. Selling Traditional Haitian Herbs In North Miami Beach, Audrey Rowe stopped by her friend Cacheta Francis house to pick some cerasee growing in the backyard. Bidens pilosa, Cymbopogon citratus, Majorana hortensis, Ocimum spp.). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, http://www.afrocubaweb.com/haiticuba.htm#creole, http://www.aaanet.org/committees/ethics/ethcode.htm, decoction of three shoots and three roots. Canella winterana, Pimenta dioica) are added to preparations with stomachic purposes. Inventaire ethnopharmacologique. I was fortunate to have three solid sources of information on herbs in Haiti: Laguerre's Afro-Caribbean Folk Medicine, Colon's Traditional Use of Medicinal Plants in the Province of Pedernales, Santo Domingo, and Jordan's Voodoo Medicine. Lee RA, Balick MJ, Ling DL, Sohl F, Brosi BJ, Raynor W: Cultural dynamism and change An example from the Federated states of Micronesia. The research project has been funded by a grant to Gabriele Volpato from the CERES Programme for Innovative PhD Research at Wageningen University (CEPIP-W). 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Also, cricket's (genus Acheta and Neoconocaephalus) legs are boiled in water and the decoction is then drunk by children and older people who have urination problems. Although medicinal uses of these plants are not absent from the Cuban pharmacopoeia, they may in some cases be restricted to Haitian descendants and to Cubans who have been influenced by the migrants' culture. About 40% of the total population of the province lives in the city of Camagey; almost 200,000 people live in rural areas. GV drafted the manuscript. [12], Nevet and de la Rosa [9], and Pedro [10]. Momordica charantia, Solanum americanum and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis are among those species most cited by Haitians in this study. Most of those interviewed are elderly people living in remote rural areas; they often live alone since, because of their age, their husbands and wives have passed away and their children, if any, have migrated mainly to major Cuban cities (e.g. National Library of Medicine Weniger B, Haag-Berrurier M, Anton R: Plants of Haiti used as antifertility agents. The European slave owners were not without their healing knowledge, too. Edited by: Hammer K, Esquivel M, Knpffer H. 1992, Gatersleben, Germany: Institut fr Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, 1: 110-137. Afro-Caribbean pharmacopoeia is that body of knowledge and practices around medicinal plants which finds its origins in the cultures of African slaves brought to the Caribbean [50]. Cash-Strapped Haitians Find Voodoo a Cheaper Alternative to Traditional The data presented in this paper are derived from a wider study that was conducted on the ethnobiological knowledge of Haitian people living in the Province of Camagey. 2004, 90: 293-316. They are used to treat rashes in children caused by measles and smallpox (e.g. Brandon G: The uses of plants in healing in an Afro-Cuban religion, Santeria. But even cerasee devotees say some of the claims might just be old wives tales. Due to its mostly flat territory, the Province of Camagey historically had an economy primarily based on cattle and sugarcane, as well as small-scale farming. Across the yard is a towering shrub with yellow flower clusters shapedlike a candle. They knew the use of cure-to-all medicinal plant Asosi or cerasee or corailee in English which grows all over South Florida, especially in abundance during the rainy season. Ozark people are surely not as impoverished as Haitians and they have better access to doctors and hospitals, but the majority of improvements to this area of Missouri have come within the past fifty years, and before that time, an old-fashioned way of curing one's ills was the tradition. Throughout the field study, the ethical guidelines adopted by the American Anthropological Association [27] were followed. Viladrich A. Although in the recent past there has been an increase in ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal investigations in Cuba [15-19], these have generally not paid attention to the specific ethnic knowledge that immigrants have contributed to traditional Cuban medicine. Macia M, Garcia E, Vidaurre PJ: An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia. Before you rub yourself with it, Sister Francis instructed, youwash it and rub it all over where the itching is.. Au DT, Wu J, Jiang Z, Chen H, Lu G, Zhao Z. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Hakka in Guangdong, China. This paper focuses on traditional medicinal plant uses of Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. Vetiver, Chrysopogon zizanioides, is a perennial grass native to India, where it is known as khus or the oil of tranquility, but it is produced mainly in Haiti, Java, and Runion. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine She learned from her mother, who learned from her mother, who learned from her mother and so on. We will present and discuss data about: 1) traditional remedies, their uses, and preparation, 2) traditional practices and beliefs related to these uses, and 3) changes and adaptation of Haitian medicinal knowledge with emigration and integration over time. haitian plants medicine Les plantes et legumes d'Haiti qui guerrissent. They are persistent. Herbal baths are important in Haitian culture in both spiritual and medicinal practices, and represent the second most important category of administration, after ingestion. Neuwinger HD: Afrikanische Arzneipflanzen und Jagdgifte. He deduced that the bark and wood of the simarouba excelsa plant were an excellent tonic and febrifuge (that which acts to expel intestinal worms from the system). Those who arrived in the 1940s came either by plane or boat, although they were migrating mostly for the same reasons. Haitian Plants Medicine - Medicinal Plants and Herbal Remedies Although no census of Haitians (residents or descendants) in Cuba has been done to date, we can roughly estimate the number of Haitians and their descendants in the Province of Camagey at about 50,000 or 67% of the population. 1974, La Habana: Instituto Cubano del Libro. It would seem that to Haitian or Ozarkian, herbs are a comfort: they keep one grounded in the past and more importantly, they can be effective and inexpensive cures.. After realizing that a similarity existed between Haiti and mid-western America in terms of people gathering and using herbs, I wanted to discover if the two countries shared any common herbal remedies. Naomie Phillis, 50, sells traditional herbal medicine in Ption-Ville, a suburb of Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital. The study of Haitian immigrants' traditional medicine in this context not only represents an interesting case about medicinal plant use, but also records knowledge that is rapidly disappearing with the death of older Haitian migrants. Almost half of the plants reported in this study are not reported in Beyra et al. The present investigation shows that Haitian migrants and their descendants living in the Province of Camagey (Cuba) have medicinal uses for 123 plant species belonging to 112 genera in 63 families. "The Bible say so. Some touristic infrastructures (notably in Camagey city and Santa Luca beach) have been developed in the last decade [26]. Even though Haitian and Peruvian ritual bathing traditions demonstrate many differences, we note several important themes of similarity: cleanses that involve moving (not stagnant) sacred waters; the application, and at times ingestion, of medicinal plants and flowers; and the act of being bathed by a spiritual elder to cultivate greater . Miel de gira is considered as a panacea, and its use is apparently widespread among Cuban and Cuban-Haitian populations as a preventive and a remedy, when it is taken in small spoons in doses of from one to five spoons per day [16]. The Coolness of Cleansing | ReVista Some 22 herbal mixtures are reported, including formulas for a preparation obtained using the fruit of Crescentia cujete. 2001, Guantnamo, Cuba: Editorial el mar y la montaa, Nevet M, De la Rosa AS: Kote ou bouke m pote. Brutus TC, Pierre-Noel AV: Les plantes et legumes d'Haiti qui guerrissent. 10.1007/BF00052650. I dont think theres a place that you would go in Haiti and say, I have a fever, I have a sickness, and one person wont tell you, Did you drink asosi?, she said. Haitian immigrants and their descendants mainly decoct or infuse aerial parts and ingest them, but medicinal baths are also relevant. Most Haitians were illiterate, crowded into barracks (barracones), paid a miserable salary, and compelled to hand over their savings to reimburse the cost of their passage [7, 9]. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, The Province of Camagey is located between 2031'01" and 2229'00" latitude North and 7657'00" longitude West from Greenwich. Cerasse vine intertwined with other plants growing in Cacheta Francis' North Miami Beach backyard. and Bidens pilosa are added to treat congestions of the respiratory system, whereas 'hot' plants (e.g. 1984, La Habana: Editora Ciencias Sociales. William Seabrook's work The Magic Island also cites the usage of verbena in women who are in labor (Seabrook 327). 10.1016/0378-8741(86)90070-X. Uses of medicinal plants by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in Uses of medicinal plants by Haitian immigrants and their descendants in the Province of Camagey, Cuba. (Laguerre, 68) In the Ozarks catnip tea administered to babies quiets colic and can even be used to stop convulsions. 2. In the latter province, they mainly settled in Haitian communities such as Caidije and Guanamaca, thus permitting the perpetuation of their own culture, including the voodoo religion and the creole language [912]. 1988, Universidad de La Habana, Tesis de grado de Candidato a Doctor en Ciencias Biolgicas. Once in the field, we asked for the help of the local government officers responsible for health (doctors or nurses from the local hospital) to determine whether there were any elderly Haitians living in the locality and precisely where. 2005, 97: 337-350. Brandon G. The uses of plants in healing in an Afro-Cuban religion, Santeria. This lapse of time is long enough to permit insights to be drawn regarding the process of transformation and adaptation of ethnomedicinal knowledge after migration and in the ways in which the progressive integration of migrants in the host culture modifies this knowledge. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. Some locals say that Voodoo succeeds where modern medicine can't, but that the religion is often misunderstood. Economic Botany. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-16, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-16. It is known in both locales as a blood purifier or that which promotes a cleaning action of the liver, kidneys, spleen and bowels. around Central Brasil, Minas in the North of the Province and Central Haiti in the South). DG, AB, and AB performed botanical analysis and species identification. Nevertheless, some culturally relevant products such as dried or fresh specimens of Artemisia absinthium and fruits and seeds of Abelmoschus esculentus were brought to Cuba upon migration (Figure (Figure2).2). Scientific name, botanical family, vernacular Cuban and Haitian name(s), voucher specimen number, part(s) used, preparation, use(s), and frequency of mention are reported for 123 plant species used for medicinal purposes. During the period 19001930, more than half a million Haitians entered the country legally or illegally [6, 7]. Topical application as a pomade or plaster is used in 10% of the remedies, while frictioning, preferred with preparations for rheumatisms and arthritis, accounts for two per cent. In the case of a child with persistent 'evil eye' (for example when the child cries excessively), after the bath the child's clothes are burnt, and a collar is made with seeds of Canavalia ensiformis and placed on the child, as reported also in Haiti [36]. A few other remedies of non-vegetal origin were also reported. Back to Eden, 1939. The last group of herbs I would like to comment on are three that could be called "female herbs".
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